學科:臺灣主要城市客運鐵路幹道路廊與設站策略更新之探討/摘要

摘要

交通部鐵路改建工程局近期對臺灣各主要城市客運鐵路幹道路廊與設站策略之更新，於新聞媒體、社會大眾及政治界各方領域內均產生極大的迴響，在透過網際網路傳播導致資訊流通飛快之環境下更掀起熱議，尤以鐵路立體化（高架化及地下化）及鐵路捷運化兩大發展方向為甚，除對未來運輸環境改善、產業擴張及用地再生之願景展望外，亦於政治界或民間產生若干爭議，其中許多由對鐵路立體化及捷運化技術、概念及設計層面之誤解所致。

本篇專題志於釐清此等策略更新之脈絡，自概念、歷史、效益、實行技術、配套措施等各方面進行簡略探討，未來可再基於其成果，普及大眾對其之理解，消除訛誤及爭議，令鐵路運輸切實成為推動城市發展進步之重要一環，並免於成為爭議與衝突之導火線。

本篇專題之內文分為兩大部分，分別探討鐵路立體化及捷運化。以鐵路立體化作為主題之第一部分中，論述鐵路立體化之緣起、簡史及效益之例舉，對臺灣本土鐵路立體化建設之經驗整理，分析大眾媒體所指，地面鐵路造成地區切割、交通瓶頸等問題，最後進行高架化與地下化二大立體化方案之比較；以鐵路捷運化作為主題之第二部分中，論述傳統鐵路與捷運系統之傳統角色分工，探討促進都市分區發展及旅客分流與去中心化等鐵路捷運化願景之相關概念及可能成效，末尾分析臺灣鐵路捷運化實行面臨之難題。

The Railway Reconstruction Bureau under the Ministry of Transportation and Communications has put out several renewing projects for it's route designing and station location selection in the recent years, the messages has taken social medias by storm and the public attention has arroused, especially by two major kinds of renewing projects: the Grade Separation Project, including Railway Elevation and Underground Project, and the Railway Rapid Transit Systematization Project.

These projects are designed to improve the current conditions of transportation, encourage the expansion of industries, increase space for other projects to ameliorate the urban environment while the railway has been elevated or built underground, etc. However, several controversies has came from the implementation of these projects as well, and many of them are derived from the misunderstoods of the technologies, concepts, and designs related to these projects.

The target which this article aiming, is from conceptional, historical, technological and implementational point of views to compose a simple research on these projects, to clarify their sequences, and make it possible to serve as a foundation of future popularization of clear understadings on these projects, after all the misundertoods and disputes are amended, the railway transportation could truly became the power that pushes the metropolitan development, so do I prospect.

I've diveded the body of this article into two major parts. the first part is focus on the Grade Separation Project, it discussing histories, examples and outcomes of grade seperations of railway networks at the beginning, take a look at what Taiwanese railway industry have experienced, analysing two problems that often being mentioned on the media articles related to the project, the diviation of living sphere, traffic congestions caused by the ground railways, and compare the elevation and underground method at the end of this part.The second part is focus on the Railway Rapid Transit Systematization Project, it discussing the traditional positions of the Traditional Railway System and the Mass Rapid Transit System on a divided work, investigate around the prospects of the project such as stimulaton of urban divisional developments, diversion of passenger flow, decentralization of major transportation terminals and so on, analysis of the difficulties the project will face in Taiwan at the end.